The transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit electrical power to the electrical circuit to another through a magnetic coupling based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Transformer is widely used both in the field of electricity and electronics. Users in power systems is by choosing the appropriate voltage and economical For each every purpose, for example the need for high voltage in the transmission of electrical power over long distances.
Transformer Principles How it Works
The working principle is based on Faraday transformer is an electrical current can cause the magnetic field and the opposite magnetic field can cause an electric current. If on one coil on the transformer given alternating electric current, the number of lines of magnetic force fluctuations occur as a result on the primary coil induction. Secondary coil receives magnetic lines of force of the primary coil occurs which is also a changing number. Then on the secondary coil induction and consequently also arise between the two ends of the coil are voltage difference.
Types of transformer
- Step-up transformer
- Step-down transformer
- Auto transformer
This type transformer consists of one continuous coil electrically, with the middle leads. In this transformer, most of the primary winding is also a secondary winding. Phase current in the secondary winding is always opposite to the primary current, so that the same power rate secondary windings can be made by wire thinner than a regular transformer. The advantage of auto transformater is small physical size and lower loss than other types of two loops. But this type of transformer can not provide electrical isolation between the primary winding to the secondary winding.
Moreover, auto transformer can not be used as a stress riser more than a couple of times (usually no more than 1.5 times).
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